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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkem | om pot͡ɕko |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕket | ot pot͡ɕko |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕka | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕko |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkena | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕko |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkeda | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕko |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkat | ogət pot͡ɕko |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkəʃəm | ʃəm pot͡ɕko |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkəʃət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ pot͡ɕko |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkəʃ | əʃ pot͡ɕko |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkəʃna | əʃna pot͡ɕko |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkəʃda | əʃda pot͡ɕko |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkəʃt | əʃt pot͡ɕko |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkenam | pot͡ɕken oməl |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkenat | pot͡ɕken otəl |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕken | pot͡ɕken ogəl |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkenːa | pot͡ɕken onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkenda | pot͡ɕken odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkenət | pot͡ɕken ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkem əʎe | om pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕket əʎe | ot pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕka əʎe | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkena əʎe | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkeda əʎe | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkat əʎe | ogət pot͡ɕko əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkem ulmaʃ | om pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕket ulmaʃ | ot pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕka ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkena ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkeda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkat ulmaʃ | ogət pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkenam əʎe | pot͡ɕken oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkenat əʎe | pot͡ɕken otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕken əʎe | pot͡ɕken ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkenːa əʎe | pot͡ɕken onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkenda əʎe | pot͡ɕken odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕken əʎe | pot͡ɕken ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkenam ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕken oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkenat ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕken otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕken ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕken ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkenːa ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕken onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkenda ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕken odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕken ulmaʃ | pot͡ɕken ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕko | it pot͡ɕko |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkəʒo | ənʒe pot͡ɕko |
| 1PL: | (pot͡ɕkena) | (ona/ogəna pot͡ɕko) |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkəza | ida pot͡ɕko |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkəʃt | ənəʃt pot͡ɕko |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkənem | ənem pot͡ɕko |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkənet | ənet pot͡ɕko |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkəneʒe | əneʒ pot͡ɕko |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkənena | ənena pot͡ɕko |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkəneda | əneda pot͡ɕko |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkəneʃt | əneʃt pot͡ɕko |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | pot͡ɕkənem əʎe | ənem pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkənena əʎe | ənet pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkəneʒe əʎe | əneʒ pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 1PL: | pot͡ɕkənena əʎe | ənena pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkəneda əʎe | əneda pot͡ɕko əʎe |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkəneʃt əʎe | əneʃt pot͡ɕko əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | pot͡ɕkənet ulmaʃ | ənet pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | pot͡ɕkəneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | pot͡ɕkəneda ulmaʃ | əneda pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | pot͡ɕkəneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt pot͡ɕko ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | pot͡ɕkaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | pot͡ɕkəman |
| Active participle: | pot͡ɕkəʃo |
| Passive participle: | pot͡ɕkəmo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | pot͡ɕkəʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | pot͡ɕkədəmo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | pot͡ɕken |
| Negative gerund: | pot͡ɕkəde |
| Gerund of prior action: | pot͡ɕkəmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | pot͡ɕkəmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | pot͡ɕkəʃəla |
| Nominalization: | pot͡ɕkəmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | pot͡ɕkədəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||